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Review Essay |
Black Markets: The Supply and Demand of Body Parts is an important contribution to the body of scholarship and policy analysis about one of the most difficult problems facing contemporary health policy, public health, and bioethics: the fact that the demand for donor organs far outstrips supply. In this book, Michelle Goodwin systematically reviews the general ways in which the United States' current organ-donation and transplantation system negatively affects potential donors and recipients, particularly African Americans. She proposes solving these problems by changing the current system that prohibits payment for organs to one that allows it. However, I argue that the entire discussion of a market-based solution to the problem of a shortage in supply in donor organs suffers from a flaw far greater than the inability to predict how such a market would work, because of a lack of reliable evidence that an offer of compensation would be effective in changing the minds of people who currently decline to donate the organs of their loved ones.
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Calandrillo, S. P. 2004. Cash for Kidneys? Utilizing Incentives to End America's Organ Shortage. George Mason Law Review 13: 69-133.
Callender, C. O., and M. B. Hall. 2001. The Dilemma of Organ and Tissue Transplantation. In Health Issues in the Black Community, ed. R. L. Braithwaite and S. E. Taylor, 167-188. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass Publishers.
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Hawley, C. K. 1991. Antitrust Problems and Solutions to Meet the Demand for Transplantable Organs. University of Illinois Law Review 1991: 1101-1133.[Medline]
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Koh, H. K., M. D. Jacobson, A. M. Lydd, K. J. O'Connor, S. M. Fitzpatrick, M. Krakow, C. M. Judge, H. R. Alpert, and R. S. Luskin. 2007. A Statewide Public Health Approach to Improving Organ Donation: The Massachusetts Organ Donation Initiative. American Journal of Public Health 97: 30-36.
Langone, A. J., and J. H. Helderman. 2003. Disparity between Solid-Organ Supply and Demand. New England Journal of Medicine 349: 704-706.
Lobas, K. 2006. Living Organ Donations: How Can Society Ethically Increase the Supply of Organs? Seton Hall Legislative Journal 30: 475-507.
Menikoff, J. 2006. The Importance of Being Dead: Non-Heart-Beating Organ Donation in Organ and Tissue Transplantation. In Organ and Tissue Transplantation, ed. D. P. T. Price, 13-30. Aldershot, England: Ashgate.
National Center for Health Statistics, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 2006. National Health Interview Survey. www.cdc.gov/nchs/about/major/nhis/quest_data_related_1997_forward.htm (accessed August 14, 2007).
Perry, M. M. 1999. Fragmented Bodies, Legal Privilege, and Commodification in Science and Medicine. Maine Law Review 51: 169-210.[Medline]
Randall, V. R. 1996. Slavery, Segregation, and Racism: Trusting the Health Care System Ain't Always Easy! An African American Perspective on Bioethics. St. Louis University Public Law Review 15: 191-235.
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Rodrigue, J. R., D. L. Cornell, and R. J. Howard. 2006. Attitudes toward Financial Incentives, Donor Authorization, and Presumed Consent among Next-of-Kin Who Consented vs. Refused Organ Donation. Transplantation 81: 1249-1256.[CrossRef][Web of Science][Medline]
Salim, A., M. Martin, C. Brown, P. Rhee, D. Demetriades, and H. Belzberg. 2006. The Effect of a Protocol of Aggressive Donor Management: Implications for the National Donor Shortage. Journal of Trauma 61: 429-435.
Shapiro, M. H., R. G. Spece, R. Dresser, and E. W. Clayton. 2003. Bioethics and Law: Cases, Materials, and Problems. 2nd ed. St. Paul, MN: Thomson/West.
Spellman, D. 2006. Encouragement Is Not Enough: The Benefit of Instituting a Mandated Choice Organ Procurement System. Syracuse Law Review 56: 353-381.
Taub, S., A. H. Maixner, K. Morin, and R. M. Sade. 2003. Cadaveric Organ Donation: Encouraging the Study of Motivation. Transplantation 76: 748-751.[CrossRef][Web of Science][Medline]
Watkins, C. M. 2005. A Deadly Dilemma: The Failure of Nations' Organ Procurement Systems and Potential Reform Alternatives. Chicago-Kent Journal of International and Comparative Law 5. www.kentlaw.edu/jicl/articles/spring2005/s2005_christy_watkins.pdf.
Wigmore, S. J., and J. L. R. Forsythe. 2004. Incentives to Promote Organ Donation. Transplantation 77: 159-161.[CrossRef][Web of Science][Medline]
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