|
|
||||
|
|
||||
|
||||
The 2003 Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement, and Modernization Act (MMA) represents a watershed event in Medicare politics. This essay explores the political lessons and policy legacies of the MMA, focusing on how the MMA fits with and deviates from established patterns in Medicare politics and how it will affect future reform.
ABC News/Washington Post. 2003. Muted Reception Greets Medicare Reform Bill. Poll, December 8. abcnews.go.com/images/pdf/883a37Medicare.pdf.
Antos, Joseph R. 2006. Will Competition Return to Medicare? Working Paper No. 125. Washington, DC: American Enterprise Institute.
Berenson, Robert A. 2004. Medicare Disadvantaged and the Search for the Elusive "Level Playing Field." Web exclusive, Health Affairs, December 15. content.healthaffairs.org/cgi/reprint/hlthaff.w4.572v1.
Biles, Brian, Geraldine Dallek, and Lauren Hersch Nicholas. 2004. Medicare Advantage: Déjà Vu All Over Again. Web exclusive, Health Affairs, December 15. content.healthaffairs.org/cgi/reprint/hlthaff.w4.586v1.
Boards of Trustees. 2006. 2006 Annual Report of the Boards of Trustees of the Federal Hospital Insurance and Federal Supplementary Medical Insurance Trust Funds. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.
Brown, Lawrence D. 1983a. Politics and Health Care Organization: HMOs as Federal Policy. Washington, DC: Brookings Institution.
____. 1983b. New Policies, New Politics: Government's Response to Government's Growth. Washington, DC: Brookings Institution.
____. 1996. The Politics of Medicare and Health Reform, Then and Now. Health Care Financing Review 18: 163-168.[ISI][Medline]
Bumiller, Elizabeth. 2003. A Final Push in Congress: For White House, Two Bills Offer Route to Political High Ground. New York Times, November 23.
Campbell, Andrea Louise, and Kimberly Morgan. 2005. The Shifting Line between Public and Private: The Politics of the 2003 Medicare Modernization Act and Prescription Drug Reform. Paper presented at the Social Science History Association Annual Meeting, Portland, OR, November 3-6.
Caplan, Craig, and Lori Housman. 2004. Redefining Medicare's Long-Term Financial Health: A Closer Look at the Medicare Funding Warning in the Trustees Report. Research report, June. Washington, DC: American Association of Retired Persons (AARP) Public Policy Institute.
CBS News/New York Times. 2006. Poll: Public Opinion Woes: The President, His Party, and Congress. Poll, May 9. www.cbsnews.com/htdocs/pdf/poll_bush_050906.pdf.
Congressional Budget Office (CBO). 2005. The Long-Term Budget Outlook. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.
____. 2006. Historical Budget Data. January 26. www.cbo.gov/budget/historical.pdf.
DeParle, Nancy-Ann. 2002. As Good as It Gets? The Future of Medicare+Choice. Journal of Health Politics, Policy and Law 27: 495-512.[CrossRef][ISI][Medline]
Dreyfuss, Barbara T. 2004. The Seduction: The Shocking Story of How AARP Backed the Medicare Bill. American Prospect, June 7.
Feder, Judith M. 1977. Medicare: The Politics of Federal Hospital Insurance. Lexington, MA: D. C. Heath.
Frakt, Austin B., and Steven D. Pizer. 2006. A First Look at the New Medicare Prescription Drug Plans. Health Affairs 25: 252-261.[CrossRef]
Freudenheim, Milt. 2006a. A Windfall from Shifts to Medicare. New York Times, July 18, 2006.
____. 2006b. Luring Customers from Medicare; Fee-for-Service Health Plans Flourish with Government Help. New York Times, September 22.
Gold, Marsha. 2005. Private Plans in Medicare: Another Look. Health Affairs 24: 1302-1310.
Goldman Sachs Group. 2005. Part D Coming into Focus. Working paper. New York: Goldman Sachs Group.
Goldstein, Amy. 2003a. Means Test Deal Near on Medicare. Washington Post, October 16.
____. 2003b. Medicare Bill Would Enrich Companies. Washington Post, November 24.
____. 2003c. For GOP Leaders, Battles and Bruises Produce Medicare Bill. Washington Post, November 30.
Greenstein, Robert, Richard Kogan, Edwin Park, and James Horney. 2006. Trustees' Report Focuses Attention on Misguided Medicare "45-Percent Trigger." Washington, DC: Center on Budget and Policy Priorities.
Hacker, Jacob, and Theodore Marmor. 2004. Medicare Reform: Fact, Fiction, and Foolishness. Public Policy and Aging Report 13: 20-23.
Hacker, Jacob, and Paul Pierson. 2005. Off Center: The Republican Revolution and the Erosion of American Democracy. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
Hahn, Jim. 2005. The Pros and Cons of Allowing the Federal Government to Negotiate Prescription Drug Prices. Congressional Research Service (CRS) Report for Congress RS22059, February 18. Washington, DC: CRS.
Heaney, Michael T. 2006. Brokering Health Policy: Coalitions, Parties, and Interest Group Influences. Journal of Health Politics, Policy and Law 31: 887-944.
Heldman, Paul, and Charles Boorady. 2005. Medicare's $400B Private Offering: New Drug Benefit and Managed Care. Working paper. Washington, DC: Citigroup Research.
Himmelfarb, Richard. 1995. Catastrophic Politics: The Rise and Fall of the Medicare Catastrophic Coverage Act of 1988. University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press.
Iglehart, John K. 2004. The New Medicare Prescription-Drug Benefit: A Pure Power Play. New England Journal of Medicine 350: 826-833.
Jacobs, Lawrence R. 1993. The Health of Nations: Public Opinion and the Making of American and British Health Policy. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.
____. 2005. Health Disparities in the Land of Inequality. In Healthy, Wealthy, and Fair: Health Care and the Good Society, ed. James A. Morone and Lawrence R. Jacobs, 37-62. New York: Oxford University Press.
Jost, Timothy Stoltzfus. 2005. The Most Important Health Care Legislation of the Millennium (So Far): The Medicare Modernization Act. Yale Journal of Health Policy, Law, and Ethics 5: 437-449.
Kaiser Family Foundation. 2003. Prescription Drug Coverage for Medicare Beneficiaries: A Summary of the Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement, and Modernization Act of 2003. Menlo Park, CA: Kaiser Family Foundation.
____. 2006a. Seniors' Early Experiences with Their New Medicare Drug Plans. Chart pack, June. Menlo Park, CA: Kaiser Family Foundation.
____. 2006b. The Medicare Prescription Drug Benefit: Fact Sheet. Menlo Park, CA: Kaiser Family Foundation.
Keenan, Patricia Seliger, Peter J. Neumann, and Kathryn A. Philips. 2006. Biotechnology and Medicare's New Technology Policy: Lessons from Three Case Studies. Health Affairs 25: 1260-1269.
Kennedy, Edward M. 2004. Dramatic Improvement or Death SpiralTwo Members of Congress Assess the Medicare Bill: Senator Kennedy Replies. New England Journal of Medicine 350: 747-749.
Levitz, Jennifer, and David Armstrong. 2006. Low-Income Seniors Get Tangled in Unexpected Medicare Glitch. Wall Street Journal, January 13.
Marmor, Theodore R. 2000. The Politics of Medicare, 2nd ed. New York: Aldine de Gruyter.
Marmor, Theodore R., and Jerry L. Mashaw. 2006. Understanding Social Insurance: Fairness, Affordability, and the "Modernization" of Social Security and Medicare. Web exclusive, Health Affairs, March 21. content.healthaffairs.org/cgi/reprint/25/3/w114.
Mayes, Rick. 2004. The Elusive Quest for National Health Insurance. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.
____. 2005. Medicare and America's Healthcare System in Transition: From the Death of Managed Care to the Medicare Modernization Act of 2003 and Beyond. Journal of Health Law 38: 391-422.[Medline]
Medicare Payment Advisory Commission (MedPAC). 2005. Payment Basics: Part D Payment System. Payment Basics report, December. Washington, DC: MedPAC.
____. 2006a. Report to Congress: Increasing the Value of Medicare. Washington, DC: MedPAC.
____. 2006b. Medicare Advantage Benchmarks and Payments Compared with Average Medicare Fee-for-Service Spending. Washington, DC: MedPAC.
Moon, Marilyn. 2006. Medicare: A Policy Primer. Washington, DC: Urban Institute Press.
National Bipartisan Commission on the Future of Medicare. 1999. Final Report: Building a Better Medicare for Today and Tomorrow. Washington, DC: National Bipartisan Commission on the Future of Medicare.
Novak, Robert. 2006. Blame Karl Rove for Medicare Drug Blunder. Human Events Online, January 9. www.humanevents.com/article.php?id=11339.
Oberlander, Jonathan. 2003a. The Political Life of Medicare. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
____. 2003b. Medicare and the Politics of Prescription Drug Pricing. North Carolina Medical Journal 64: 303-304.[Medline]
____. Forthcoming. The Political Transformation of Medicare. In Health Politics and Policy, ed. James Morone and Leonard Robins, 4th ed. Albany, NY: Thompson Delmar.
Oliver, Thomas R., Philip R. Lee, and Helene L. Lipton. 2004. A Political History of Medicare and Prescription Drug Coverage. Milbank Quarterly 82: 283-354.[CrossRef][ISI][Medline]
Pear, Robert. 2003. Affluent May Pay More for Medicare Premiums. New York Times, October 5.
____. 2006a. States Intervene after Drug Plan Hits Early Snag. New York Times, January 8.
____. 2006b. Medicare Woes Take High Toll on Mentally Ill. New York Times, January 31.
____. 2006c. In Texas Town, New Drug Plan Baffles Patient and Provider Alike. New York Times, June 11.
____. 2006d. Medicare Costs to Increase for Wealthier Beneficiaries. New York Times, September 11.
Pear, Robert, and Michael Janofsky. 2003. Broad Bills Stuffed with Lawmakers' Pet Items. New York Times, November 27.
Pear, Robert, and Robin Toner. 2003. Bush Medicare Proposal Urges Switch to Private Insurers. New York Times, March 4.
Peterson, Mark A. 2006. The Politics of Medicare Reform: Dynamics, Hurdles, and Opportunities. Paper presented at a panel on the Medicare politics of the Creating an Equitable, Efficient, and Sustainable Medicare for the Twenty-First Century Research Project, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, April 27.
Pizer, Stephen, Roger Feldman, and Austin Frakt. 2005. Defective Design: Regional Competition in Medicare. Web exclusive, Health Affairs, August 23. content.healthaffairs.org/cgi/reprint/hlthaff.w5.399v1.
Reischauer, Robert D. 2003. This Isn't Such a Bitter Pill. Los Angeles Times, October 19.
Rosenbaum, David E., and Robin Toner. 2003. Medicare Reform: Who Wins and Loses. New York Times, November 26.
Rother, John. 2006. The Medicare Modernization Act at Midyear. Report, July. Washington, DC: Commonwealth Fund.
Skocpol, Theda. 2004. A Bad Senior Moment. American Prospect, January 1.
Smith, David G. 1992. Paying for Medicare: The Politics of Reform. New York: Aldine de Gruyter.
Thomas, Bill. 2004. Dramatic Improvement or Death SpiralTwo Members of Congress Assess the Medicare Bill: Representative Thomas Replies. New England Journal of Medicine 350: 749-751.
Toner, Robin. 2006. Rival Visions Led to Rocky Start for Drug Benefit. New York Times, February 6.
U.S. Government Accountability Office (GAO). 2006a. Medicare: Quality of CMS Communications to Beneficiaries on the Prescription Drug Benefit Could Be Improved. Report No. 06-654. Washington, DC: GAO.
____. 2006b. Medicare Part D: Prescription Drug Plan Sponsor Call Center Responses Were Prompt, but Not Consistently Accurate and Complete. Report No. 06-710. Washington, DC: GAO.
Vladeck, Bruce C. 1999. The Political Economy of Medicare. Health Affairs 18 (1): 22-36.[Abstract]
____. 2004. The Struggle for the Soul of Medicare. Journal of Law, Medicine, and Ethics 32: 410-415.
Weissman, Joel S., Melissa Wachterman, and David Blumenthal. 2005. When Methods Meet Politics: How Risk Adjustment Became Part of Medicare Managed Care. Journal of Health Politics, Policy and Law 30: 475-504.[Abstract]
White, Joseph, and Aaron Wildavsky. 1989. The Deficit and the Public Interest. Berkeley: University of California Press.
Zhang, Jane, and Vanessa Fuhrmans. 2006. Seniors Flock to Private Fee-for-Service Medicare Plans. Wall Street Journal, August 29.
This article has been cited by other articles:
![]() |
A. B. Frakt, S. D. Pizer, and A. M. Hendricks Controlling Prescription Drug Costs: Regulation and the Role of Interest Groups in Medicare and the Veterans Health Administration Journal of Health Politics Policy and Law, December 1, 2008; 33(6): 1079 - 1106. [Abstract] [PDF] |
||||
![]() |
C. C. Ferguson, E. J. Fowler, and L. M. Nichols The Long Road To Health Reform Requires Bipartisan Leadership Health Aff., May 1, 2008; 27(3): 711 - 717. [Abstract] [Full Text] [PDF] |
||||
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|